Perfusion and Protection Practice Test

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During pediatric CPB, which statement best describes cannulation practices, prime volume, and hematocrit targets?

Cannulation uses small cannulas; prime volume is independent of patient size; hematocrit targets are not critical.

Cannulation uses large cannulas to minimize resistance; prime volume is fixed; hematocrit targets are the same as adults.

Cannulation uses smaller cannulas with higher resistance; prime volume scales with patient size; maintain age-appropriate hematocrit targets.

During pediatric CPB, the setup is tailored to the child’s size and physiology. Cannulation uses smaller cannulas to fit tiny vessels and minimize injury, even though this increases flow resistance. The prime volume is not fixed; it scales with patient size to balance providing a primed circuit with the amount of hemodilution the child can tolerate. Hematocrit targets must be age-appropriate because oxygen delivery on bypass depends on the hemoglobin concentration and the child’s specific oxygen-carrying needs differ from adults. Putting these pieces together, the best approach is to use smaller cannulas with higher resistance, size-adjust prime volume to the patient, and maintain age-appropriate hematocrit targets to optimize perfusion and oxygen delivery during bypass.

Cannulation uses small cannulas; prime volume is minimal; hematocrit targets are not critical.